What is Staking?
Staking involves locking up cryptocurrency to participate in blockchain network operations. In return, stakers earn rewards, similar to interest on a savings account.
How Staking Works
Proof of Stake (PoS)
- Lock tokens as collateral
- Validate transactions and secure the network
- Earn rewards proportional to stake
- Risk slashing (penalty) for malicious behavior
Delegated Staking
Don't run a validator yourself - delegate to a validator and share rewards.
Types of Staking
| Type | Lock Period | Risk | Rewards |
|---|---|---|---|
| Native Staking | Variable | Slashing | Network inflation |
| Liquid Staking | None | Smart contract | Slightly lower |
| Exchange Staking | Flexible | Counterparty | Variable |
| DeFi Staking | Variable | Smart contract | Often higher |
Popular Staking Assets
- ETH: ~3-4% APY via Lido, Rocket Pool
- SOL: ~6-7% APY
- ATOM: ~15-20% APY
- DOT: ~12-15% APY
Liquid Staking
Stake and receive a liquid token (stETH, rETH) that:
- Can be traded or used in DeFi
- Continues earning staking rewards
- No unstaking waiting period
Risks
- Lock-up Period: May not access funds for days/weeks
- Slashing: Validator misbehavior can lose funds
- Smart Contract Risk: Bugs in staking protocols
- Opportunity Cost: Can't use staked funds elsewhere
- Price Risk: Token value may drop while staked